maemo.org - Talk - A trick to boot N9 to (almost) single-user mode

Last night when I was tinkering with my device I thought about ways to get the thing into single-user mode, as I need to do stuff in the initializing phase. It is not quick to experiment on something when you have to repeatedly boot the box to see the effects. :mad:

As N9 lacks both hardware keyboard and serial port it would seem to be difficult to interact with the thing before OS & GUI loading, but fortunately I managed to do it. ( quite propably somebody else has done this before, but what the heck, it works for me :p )

So I decided to use the USB/IP device which requires just loading of one module to be usable, and I tweaked the sshd default parameters a bit, mounted devpts and launched sshd from preinit and it fires up nicely :cool:

Why I call this "almost-single-user-mode", is because with this sshd goes daemon and it is possible to connect to the device repeatedly. Hence it is actually more useful than the traditional serial port single-user mode :)

Here is the diff for sshd_config;

Code:

~ # 

~ # diff /etc/ssh/sshd_config /root/root_sshd_config 

--- /etc/ssh/sshd_config

+++ /root/root_sshd_config

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 # See the sshd(8) manpage for details

 

 # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for

-Port 22

+Port 12345

 # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to

 AddressFamily inet

 #ListenAddress ::

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@

 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key

 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key

 #Privilege Separation is turned on for security

-UsePrivilegeSeparation yes

+UsePrivilegeSeparation no

 

 # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key

 KeyRegenerationInterval 3600

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@

 

 # Authentication:

 LoginGraceTime 120

-PermitRootLogin no

+PermitRootLogin yes

 StrictModes yes

 

 RSAAuthentication yes

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@

 # Allow client to pass locale environment variables

 AcceptEnv LANG LC_*

 

-Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

+#Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server

 

 AllowUsers *@127.0.0.1 *@10.0.0.0/8 *@172.16.0.0/12 *@192.168.0.0/16

 

~ # 

~ #

And here is the bit in /sbin/preinit that does the magic:

Code:

sshd_start()

{

        modprobe g_ether

        sleep 1

        /sbin/ifconfig usb0 192.168.2.15 up



        if [ ! -d /dev/pts ] ; then

                mkdir /dev/pts

        fi

        mount -t devpts devpts -o gid=5,mode=620 /dev/pts



        /usr/sbin/sshd -f /root/root_sshd_config



        text2screen -c -B 0x000000

        text2screen -t "Running SSHD on USB" -s 3 -H center -V center



        while [ "1" -le "2" ]

        do

                sleep 1

        done

}

Of course if you want to have a choice of whether to boot into phone mode or single-user mode, you need some glue logic to implement it (this bit is from sillyboot by coderus, it requires you have evkey installed):

Code:

sshd_query()

{

        modprobe twl4030_keypad

        mknod /tmp/keypadi c 13 68

 

        text2screen -c -B 0x000000

        text2screen -t "Press UP for ssh shell" -s 3 -H center -V center

 

        iii=49

        iLIMIT=1

        iyy=470

        while [ "$iLIMIT" -le $iii ]

        do

                let "iii-=1"

                let "iyy=iyy-10"

                text2screen -t " " -s 1 -x 840 -y $iyy -T 0xffffff -B 0xffffff

                iss=$(/bin/evkey -t 200 -d /tmp/keypadi)

                if [ "x$iss" == "x115" ]; then

                        text2screen -c -B 0x000000

                        text2screen -t "Going to start SSHD" -s 3 -H center -V center

                        sleep 2

                        sshd_start

                        break

                fi

                if [ "x$iss" == "x114" ]; then

                        text2screen -c -B 0x000000

                        text2screen -t "Booting next stage" -s 3 -H center -V center

                        sleep 2

                        boot

                        break

                fi

        done

        if [ "x$iii" == "x0" ]; then

                text2screen -c -B 0x000000

                text2screen -t "Defaulting to booting next stage" -s 3 -H center -V center

                sleep 2

                boot

        fi

}

Few prerequirements, of course you must have root password set to something sensible. And like always, be careful when you tinker with boot chain of embedded devices, it is remarkably easy to brick your phone if you do not know what you are doing :D

I did not write detailed step-by-step granny guide here on purpose, to make people who would like to try this THINK a bit instead just following orders blindly.

This is to protect newbies from bicking their device (and furthermore, to protect me from their anger if somebody manages to do that) but all the required steps are here for anyone who understands the logic of boot chain.