@patocr just from a different standpoint -
have you tried an alternate USB port? (im sure you have but in case you havnt - and i see you keep mentioning that your pc says it cant charge...)
Some usb ports just cant supply enough initial current - inrush - so might not work - especially on laptops and those for desktops that arent connected directly to the motherboard - in my experience.
Does Nokia Link or NSU see your phone on the same usb ports?
Also for charging alone - try charging directly from a wall charger - see if that helps.