The initial configuration did appear, but I forgot to write that it crashed while configuring the keyboard, and apport tried doing some magic, and it disappeared, leaving me with the pre-desktop environment, which I crashed...

Turns out there is no home folder. Again.
Added it, but somehow the root account made that folder its own homefolder, so pretty much the worst sight ever...
But anyway, I extracted some logs from the now persistent directory:
http://ubuntuone.com/5IJ3pDK1ECM3V1W0l2XMag
It's a tar.gz. I included the logs for LightDM and ConsoleKit, which seem related, and this is also what describes the X error that occurs. Haven't examined it closely, though, as there is a lot of debug info. (Sensitive information removed)
dmesg also carries some of what happened under the crash.

That's all I have for now. Now I have to stabilize my device/do the painful jump back to Power kernel. A bit hard.