There are a number of ways electronic components such as transistors can get damaged. Electrically (overvoltage, overcurrent), mechanically, thermally, chemically...

There is NO WAY any components on the board can get damaged electrically by reinforcing the USB port. It will NOT make any currents stronger or electrons flow faster.

There is a very remote possibility of damaging some components mechanically (e.g. scratching them off by being extremely clumsy while on the job) or thermally (by overheating the board) however any components are so far from the port that if you overheat the board to the extent that you damage some transistors, then you have a much more serious problem to start with anyway.

Other possible use cases I can think of that might lead to damage:

• Short circuit. Again, you need to be extremely clumsy to achieve that but I guess not entirely inpossible.
• Chemical damage by using some sort of aggressive flux. That might happen if you let a plumber do the soldering but not to any electronic engineer.

In other words, I call it BS!