You could pipe the stuff out via netcat, I guess. It depends on how you are connected, but I assume you are running in recovery console, and have telnetted in from a computer via USB, right?

On your computer, start netcat to wait on a socket: (anything will doo but usually I use 8888 for random stuff...)

nc -l 8888 | tar xvf -

On your recovery console, push the vault to your computer: (now I am assuming your computer-end-IP is 10.42.66.80...)

tar -cf - /home/nemo/.vault | nc 10.42.66.80 8888