Hey, I wasn't intending to construe that as being your entire position. I was just responding to that one statement you posted. I do apologize if it came across as a generalization. I do understand what you're saying but, imo, some of what you mention are not true choices. After all, you might as well just say I have the choice to turn on my PC or not. I have the choice to use the web or not. My proposal is that the backend technology ought to be implemented at the browser/OS level. There is absolutely no reason that these functions cannot be developed into a web standard. I realize capitalism complicates these issue, but that's where the frontends would come in. I have absolutely no problem with companies developing proprietary/commercial GUIs for the creation of this content. What I favor is true cross-platform/cross-browser support. A world where the web "just works" and there are no limits on creativity. Also, a world where profits relate to true innovation... not just whatever latest app the big guys are trying to convince us that we need. I welcome your thoughts on this subject.