Yes, a phone can be locked to a SIM. It is called SIMlock. If you buy a phone with a subscription ('subsidized' it is apparently called in English) the SIM is locked to the phone. Legal ability to unlock differs per jurisdiction. See e.g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIM_lock There is also something as 'SIM only'. This is simply a subscription for a SIM card which you can put in any phone without SIMlock. Even then, the telco can see the phone you use. Nope, they can see perfectly fine what phone you use on their network.