Quick debian crash course:

dh_make (note that you'll need to pass it some options: single binary mode works well enough for 95% of all packages) will create that debian/ folder for you and a rules file that will work with "./configure && make && make install" source packages. The rules file contains what options are passed to configure and so forth --- just find the reference to "configure" and add the options you need.

Afterwards,"dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot" and voila! Packaged.